                      ˿µϣ20050603գ

05.06.03, ӡڱж֮䡷
05.06.03, һƾŭˮ罥
05.06.03, Ƽ̲ҩܹע
05.06.03, ԡӴѧձҵİǵ״̬
05.06.03, ̺꡶뱱ڻУֹ򿪳־ְ
05.06.03, ơܹɽƼ֮󣨶
05.06.03, yijianbingһڵĹԷļ¼
05.06.03, 䣿
05.06.03, ԽλѧۼҶԴѧĲͬVS.
05.06.03, ҶաˮͲһ
05.06.03, Trumaskʷ̸ӡ
05.06.03, kchenйš
05.06.03, WhwſӦôˣ
05.06.03, 졶Ҳ˵š
05.06.03, ҡٶӵһ¡

˿(www.xys.org)(xys.dxiong.com)(xys.3322.org)(xys.dyndns.info)

                  ڱж֮

                        ӡ

    ĿǰгϳࡰʳƷƷݳǡ֮
Ʒôʲôô

    1935꣬ҽѧ緢ںɽʢһֵطļ
֮ΪɽòطҲз֣ԿɽΪأ磬
1941궬ɽڿɽسǱ12ׯ216ˡ1969꣬
ĻĳԺʿͼλоѧѧо
Ա·ŵɽоɽ鲡ˮΪڵ
ˮȱġͨʳвɽڿɽѾʧˣ
1982δٷ

    ͨطĵҲ֣ĺƫ͵ģѪ
ʾ͸ߣ֮ͣرǶԸˡ΢
ԪأǹĹøĳɷ֡øǰڴлв
ĹתˮһֻԾڹøȱ
ܷʱڻۻ⣬Ӷ
֯

    ǵʳȱҽѧŽÿʳ
ĺΪ70΢ˡʳƷȡǴճ
ʳԼΪƽÿ100΢ˡճʳ⣬
ˮȱôԿǿڷҩƬƣʵز
ȻͬʱҲһжԪأжѷ
ˡθϵͳ쳣ȵȡҽѧѧԺΪж
Ϊÿ900΢ˣÿʳҩƬĺ400΢
ȫġ

    ǷԤ֢ҽѧĹע
һٴɣǴѧ˵ġǶ1312˽
˫ä飬һÿڷ200΢һ˿ڷο
ĿҪǷܹƤķ1996꣬˵
˶Խֹ199312£ƽ6.4˷ʧ
ܼƤķʡǣע⵽
֢ǰ᳦ֱٰͷΰķȴسԵ


    ĽƺмֵȻ2002꣬Ƕƽ7.9
ٴν˷ֳ˱仯δٷַķΰ
᳦ֱʽͣǰٰķȻˣҲЩѪ
Һĺ͵ˡȻ⻹Ҫһоܵóۡ
֢о2003һٴоǰٰʵ
ϵ⣬йٴԼӪȺи
θķʡ

    Щоյõ֤ʵҲ˵ȱᵼ
ĳЩ֢ķӣʵԤĳЩ֢Ȼ
˵ܹư֢һ֢ѾѾ̫
ˡñ˵ڸͿԼêķʣȻһê
޼µġۡƷĳԤ
֢ư֢𣬰ѷԤ֢۸ĳơư֢
֢һթΪ֢äĿش
жΣա

    ʹͲǷܹԤĳְ֢һԣĿǰȱȷ
֤ݣûжۡʳƷҩƷ֣FDAֻƷʱ
ǩʹ˵ܽĳЩ֢ķաЩѧ֤ݱ
ܽĳЩ͵İ֢ķաǣFDA϶֤
ģǶۡڲЧЩѧ֤ݱ
ڲЧǣFDA϶֤޵ģǶۡ
ĿǰгౣƷǴģһܵıע
Ӧô롣

2005.5.29.

Ƽ2005.6.1.

˿(www.xys.org)(xys.dxiong.com)(xys.3322.org)(xys.dyndns.info)

ŭˮ罥

20050603յһƾձ

йʿʾ翪ʵ򲻹ܹģСƵ綫͡
171.6˾ҵ44.8ھҵ

 ٷ Ҷ Ա

һǰԺͣʡŭˮ罨滮Ŀǰڱ߲


ת

һǰҡ½뷽ӵ12˻һҿŭˮ翪
̬Ժ齨ӿŭˮ罨裬ܿԺ쵼
˵»Ҫڸתҷίڱ
ʷеġѧչɫø߷̳ļ϶пԺԺʿ
򡶵һƾձ͸¶ϢʱԵܼ

ԴϢʡоҸκԵͷ߱ߣ
ʡٿȫʡ蹤飬ز

ӵļ͹Ժ쵼˵ġ¡¼ұȥһֽ
ʾȥ2£¼ұԹҷίϱԺġŭˮ滮
桷ʾ߶ȹעл治ͬĴˮ繤
̣Ӧоѧߡ

ʾǡ̼԰־Ըߡȶ价֯Ժ
ӱʾ

ʾĽǣŭĽƿ˻ܾ֡

ֵܾжҪصλṩŭˮ滮Ӱ۱
顱20041113ٿˡŭˮ滮ᡱ
4Ժʿڵ15רС飬Ա顣

ٿĵڶ죬ʡ󲿷ý嶼汨ˡŭ
ˮ滮桷ͨϢ

ʵרͨڻܾ׼ĿǰΪ
ֹֻܾûͬ⡣ʡίԴֳ绰εر
ʾǰרȥ˱һˣҷίʵǷǳ֧ǵģ


ϷḻˮԴ

ʿͻֹŭˮ翪ǽƻŭԭ̬
4·ݲ쿴ŭֵ̬ƻѾǳأŭˮ浽1500׸ߵɽ
ѱòˡ˵üͽıڵİֻܿȡ
ů

ʵϣֻпŭʽ̬Ҳпʹֲ
ذճƻŭˮ罨ȫѭáۺ
оҫ͡

ʿԿŭˮһǿŭıԭס
ʽƻĻԡû뷨ʵֻԼ䣬ȴ
׼Ҳ䡣Ϊ˿糤ķΪ

ѧʷоʷоָڵŭ
ҲʱǨȥģô㣿

Ѹǳľֵ㱻ʳҲ
ӦΪȻһȺˡ۵۵

ʡʾ2004˾ֵոճ800ԪΪͬ
ȫƽˮƽ70%ҡͬʱйҼʡƶռ
61%˾865Ԫƶ˿760ˡ

״ȡʩӿ췢չӿ쿪ˮԴ
ϾõЧ;ʡоҸκ̬
ʾ

ˮԴ飬ϵʵǣɿ9000ǧߣռȫɿ
20.5%ȫ2λ

2004ʡȫȱڴﵽ61ǧʱŭˮ򲻹ܹ
ģƵ綫͡171.6˾ҵ44.8ھҵ
ᡣ㽡 

(XYS20050603)

˿(www.xys.org)(xys.dxiong.com)(xys.3322.org)(xys.dyndns.info)

̲ҩܹע

Ǻ 
Ƽ20050601

Ȼ־鱨桪

512գӢȻ־ԡйٴ飺軼ͬ⡷Ϊ⣬
̫ߴάŵ˹David Cyranoskiҩͱ
̳ҽԺй̲нٴĵ顣

˵20041£4λʡ̲Եũ񣬴15λߣ
йоԺNIHţԹ˵ڲȫ֪
£μһҩΪVGV-1ٴ顣߽һٴ
ı̳ҽԺŦԼҵŲ˾

ȥ110գ19λũйԤԲ̲Ԥ
ίԱᷢȥһ⹫šзӳһ̲ٴҩʵ
ֵΥҽѧо¼

ҩٴ黼ߵûб֪

ЩũǵĴ˽ܣĹУ19Ժʡϳ
˫İ̲Ⱦڲ֪ǩˡ֪ͬ
顱

˵20032·ݣ̳ҽԺҽԱҴ壬ɼ100
Ѫǵʱ֪ΪʲôҪɼЩѪֻϣԼܹ
õάҩ

ã18˻֪ͨ˵̳ҽԺסԺơʱ
ǶΪʲôѡǡѡˣһ֪Ҳ֪Ǽ
ܵʲô

200335գҽԺǷֱǩ𡮻֪ͬ顯ڱ
ƭıǩݡ֪ͬ顯ġʱûеõһǩ
֪ͬ鸱200419գҪ£ԼǮһǩ
Ļ֪ͬ鸴ӡ

йԤԲ̲ԤίԱ20043
16ոظظĹ˵԰ίԱ2004 2
18֯רŻ飬̳ҽԺҪоԱԺ˴
ᣬֳԵʵ۵㣬йص⽻


ǵóĽǣе֤ݣ԰ίԱΪû
зָоΥѧԭַȨ⡣ֻ
Ǿ͵̳ҽԺоѧɸĽ飺֪ͬе
һЩôʣҪעȺĻˮƽʹͨ׶ԣӢ
ҪȷĽ͡ȡ 

ǷΥҽѧ£

԰ίԱĴ𸴣Щũʾǲܽܡ˵
ίԱǲλᣬ֤һ飬ίԱĽۣ
ǲ޳ɵġϣίԱͬʱϣйԤ
ܼίԱԱɡ

˿վˡѧʿӷΪ԰ίԱ
𸴺ȤýٴĻǩ֪ͬ顱ĿģΪ
˵֪ڽٴ飬ݡ̺ͺ
ͬ⡣Ǹ԰ίԱĸĽ飬֪ǩ֪ͬ顱ʱ
ûݣ˵ַ˻ߵ֪ȨȨܹ˵
ΥѧԭַȨ⣿

ҩٺ˵סʲô

ŦԼҵ˾й԰Ԥĺͱ
̳ҽԺڰ̲ϽҩСٺ˵Ƽ
TNPȻ־ΪVGV-1ôٺ˵סʲôأ

ָΪﻯѧˣû˵ҩҲû
˵ĵʡŦԼҵվĽܣٺ˵
ƼͬĿǰϵȡƷġĵȣ
ĿǰΨһľ߶ᴿĵһ壬кܸߵǿߡ
á

ҽѧݿMedlineҲκоֵʵĹ
ġݿ⣬ҲҲõʵĻϣɼδ롢
¡ŦԼҵվƣٺ˵Ƽǡȫר
ĸ߿ƼϸǿƼߵƼȫΨһĿעᴿһ
Ƽȫררֺ֪ʶȨ֯ר
ݿ⣬ûҵרҪĵʣеڶʵȥо
Ҳκоɹʽʵ֣

רҺٴӦе±׼

ӵóĽǣٺ˵סķߣҲΪߡǡ
з߲о̲ƷѧδڹϷﻯѧ
̲ģûκסκ֤ݱٺ˵סп
ư̲й˵ֻڲ˾ŦԼҵ˾
ҳ

˳Ծǣٺ˵סĲ˾ծۣϣ
TNPйī׼Ϊư̲ҩۣŦԼҵ˾
ййطĿΪйTNPٴ飬˾
ư̲ҩ֤飬йTNPTNPйٴ飬
ֻܹ36ˣֻһٴ顣

ָٴٴơй̲ι̡
ҩɷֲһٴ鶼δͨƷΪΪ̲ṩһ
ЧƷ漰ֹǻߵ֪Ȩ⣡

ҩ֣δ׼ٴΥΪ

ҩֹԱڽýɷʱָκҩڹҩʽ
׼ǰԽٴ顣ݡҩƷ͡ҩƷע취Ĺ
ΥġλԱͬʱָǹҩǹҩ
ҪйгֻҪ漰ʵ飬ҩﶼҪҩֵ׼
˭֪ҩǼ٣Ӧס

ٺ˵Ƽδҩ׼һʵ԰ίԱ
ḺԳϡǿֻһлٴ飬
Ǵҵʵҩ걨ԴˣҩֹԱش𣺡Ȼʵ
ҵĿĿʲôлֻҪʵ壬ٴ顣

(XYS20050603)

˿(www.xys.org)(xys.dxiong.com)(xys.3322.org)(xys.dyndns.info)

Ӵѧձҵİǵ״̬



̸۵ҵ¢ΪνݱҶԵҵ
˽⣬и߶ŷõз֮ʹȴ֪è壬ڳɸ
˵㲦еȻˡʵң޴ڣ
дüٿȫ顣ҾһҲο

ͷһݱĳѧġձҵʿԱЭ顱
£

	׷ĳĳĳĳѧ
	ҷĳĳĳ

	ס˫Э̣ͬǩЭ飺

	һ

	

	ݹйļУԷУĴרԺУ
	ҵʵƶȡ

	ġڷڱ˲ҪУ⹤Էѳѧ
        ԭ򣬼ֵУ⹤ҪԷѳѧԱ
        УΥԼѣɷѱ׼£

   	ڰޣƱҵ8000Ԫ/꣬˶ʿҵ
        10000Ԫ/꣬ʿҵʿվԱ12000Ԫ/ꡣ
	зһν󣬾ѧУ׼ɰѧ
	

	塢׷ҷ߽պʱҷ׷5000Ԫнӷã
	ҷܹڵ׷׷˻нӷøҷ
	ҷΥԼܵ׷ҷɵнӷѲ践

	ԡ

	ߡҷӦμӼ׷֯ͳһ飬ϸԽ
	գ첻ϸǩһЭЧա

	ˡԡ

	šԡ

	ʮԡ

	ʮһԡ


	׷               ҷǩ

ݡЭ飬ҵĵһӡǣһ̶̵ʮһ
Э飬֮һǰ

˵죬֪ѧУȷǡͳһ飬еıҵԶ
Ҳǧμͳһ졣ҸЯߣ
⣬򵰰ף첻ϸ񣬲ա

ڷڱ˲ҪУ⹤Էѳѧ
øҪ󣬡һѧһǷˣҲ
ߵȨʲôȨдҪ󡱼֣ƶЭˣ
߸ϵ̬Զ

ٿΥԼķãԲʿΪÿ12000ԪǸʲôһ
ʿѧУȥҪɽԪΥԼ𡣶Уÿ
3ǧĹʣڶѡ˵ʿˣҪ
Ƿһƨɵծзñ롰һν塱

Ҳ֪ݹйļĸļ֡񣬡Ҷ
ֻֽһ־ķޣǸ֡
İɡ֪еĵλ涨꣬еĵλ涨꣬һ
㡣⡰ҾеʥȨ֣о
ƢܲЭ鿪ͷġס˫Э̡һƨ
֪ôѧڹ涨ڽһѡԱǩЭ飬
ʵǲЭ̵ġ

Э飬йĸѧǸձϾٵֻһ
ߡֿɵõӡ˵һԭǾ˵
ǩЭòִСģȨƿ޺ſߵˡ
иͬ˶ʿҵȥһѧǩ˸Э顣
ʱԪġΥԼѣЭ1500Ԫ/꣬ˮǴߣ
2000Ԫ/,ȴܰЭϵΥԼѾȻҲ񷿴Ƶ
ʱϵλͬȨƣֻʵϽɡͬһλ
һʦǸɲӵܣȥνЭ鲻һ
ֽġũūƵӦ֮⣺̲ϴˣ
Ϊλ񡱼꣬ȴǷǮԼ꣬Ϊ
ͲԼС

һҶ֪һݽЭ飬㹻ǵ״̬ˡɫ
ɫ洦ɼӡӡԱӡӡѧӡ
ӡӡӣ˵Ǹһū˶ɡ

2005.6

(XYS20050603)

˿(www.xys.org)(xys.dxiong.com)(xys.3322.org)(xys.dyndns.info)

뱱ڻУֹ򿪳־ְ

ߣ̺

ĳЩԵɺϣտѧʷѧϵ־һƪģ֮Ϊ
Ծ£뱱ڻУֹ򿪳־ְ

־ƪΪйȨƵתƣ֪ʶӵıԵԵ֪ʶӵ
𡷣ԳҪѧķڹ˼롢ѧ֪ʶӵλıǨ
ôҪ˵ʲô˵ʲôô˵

־µĿͷУ6ι1392һӢĵʣinstitution
¹۵㣺ڽ͡йδܽһġϣں˵
˵Ӣʱţȣ˵ĲŶԣ־Ӣʱ£ΪϳƾҪ
ġƱ䶯ʿũĴȺΪҪصĴͳйṹĽ
塱Ϊͳйǡᡱʿסϳƾ֮ʿţ
ֵ˺;ţˡ

ڽĵһУ־328196Ӣĵʣsocial
mobility˵ʿ֪ʶӵתڵڶУ256131
˵֪ʶӵıԵڵУ־6516277
Ե֪ʶӵ𡱡

־˵ʲôҪҪԼҲ֪˵ʲôΪͨȫģ
Ȼûһؼġôһ仰˵ǰй
Ǵṹĵλӡ֮סʿĶεһ䣩
漰ĸСǰйᡱṹ񡱡ʿ

ȣʲôǡǰйᡱʷѧһ۵㣬йʷ
ʼ1840ѻƬսôȻ־û趨һʱޣνǰ
йᡱҲԳΪ1840ǰйᡱڽʷѧ磬ǰ
йᡱָǡǰڵйᡱǣʷѧˮƽ
ƿɱΣ־Уǡʿũ̡ڡṹ
͡ʿ־ûȷеĶ壬ģʿɶٻµ
ˡ

־仰Էֽɣ

1	1840ǰйǡᡱ
2	ʿӡ֮ףͳũ̡
3	1840ǰʿйṹġ

ܵṹвԡᡱ֮ǰֽδ
Ⱥü׹ǡմɡߡȼ¼֣ʶ֮˲࣬ʿ
һײ㣿纺߹پ޻¶ΪַϮԱɾټʿֺ
˵һ˵ʹƳнʿͯӵȿĿ־ʹ
ġʿΪһȺ忪ʼγɣʱܱΪϸ֮
йʷϲһᡱʷ׶ΡΪдɮᡢ
񡢾ʿ֮⣬вٹԱɶڻ׹ݣ־￴
ָүݹϵķ롣ʹȷͳݣ֤ʿũ
˿ռ99%ıϲܳΪᡱ統йյ
ղݣռ91ǿܳйΪңΪ
ҡ

Ȼԭ־֪һ򲽣Ȩᡱ۳ô
ʿǡ֮𣿼Ȼ־Ҫйзֲ㣬޷
־̸̸ѧ̽һЩǳԵֲۡΤMax WeberĶ
λĲָ꣺ǮȨڡʿλ
ụ̃ߣȨߣߣͳΣ־һ
漰ʵϣͳʷ鲢޸ļ¼޷ʼϺС˵п
ӣʿĵλǷũҪߡǵ־ܶޣҲø
η¼ǡӼǡѩСǡΪƧʷ
¥ΡӦÿ˵¥Ρһءʿλʶͨ
飬糾㡱һһѣǸ¡ʧֻȥͶ
˷ࡣũ񣬡ʱ˵Щֳɻǰ˺Թ
ֻһζóʿ֪ˣδܣټ꾪Թʹĺ
֮ˣǽƶ¶Ĺ⾰ҳ11¥Ρ1981
ѧ磩־ı׼ǡʿȻڽǮϣ˽껹
ҪȥͶҾʵȨϣ£ֻÿлϣ
Զũĸסܹ˵ʿũ֮ף

ǼȻѾ־2򲽣޷һ򲽣һ۵Ƿ
ƽµѧʷҽѧĸȫȻȥ
ʲô˼ֻùãǵǰѧߵĹü־Ҳ
ġ31840ǰʿйṹġ

1840ǰҲȥȿһ¡ʿйṹġʲô
ṹ־ﲢûиһ塣ʵϣṹsocial
structureʹᴩѧѧʷʼգͿɣEmile Durkheim
˹Anthony Giddensѧͼ壬ȴʼδȡùʶ
ṹѧһʦ˵áô˵ģǷֲ
λУλ÷ӳӰǵĽɫϵύṹλ
Ķؿռ䡣μPeter M. BlauInequality and HeterogeneityA
Primitive Theory of Social StructureThe Free Press1977Ϊ
־˵̫³һЩԲͣһ
ѧʵζģṹƶȿܣճɡ
http://sociology.b.dictonarypage.co.uk/social+structure/Ϊ־
⣬޷˹÷ɪһλṹָ֯
жϵͳָϵͳĳ档磬˾һҪӦڲƷͷ
ṹļͥƶȽɫҪǽĻֵ䵽һ
ЩܣṹϵͳеԴṹǸ
ĸϵͳĳԺԴϵṹĻλǸˣ
ǵĽֳĳЩԣɫɷ򡢽ͽ񣩺
֯֯ɫļϣɱ𣬼ͥƶȡp.4Social
Structure and Mobility in Economic DevelopmentSeymour Martin Lipset, Neil 
J. Smelser; Aldine Pub. Co., 1966ʿΪһȺ壨λע
ײ𣩣ܳ䵱ṹģ

ȻӺѣǣΪ־ﻹڷ̱ȽϵͶ
ѡ̸ߵ̵͵˱ȽףʵϣǺײ³־ġ
ָǡײṹ޷־4򲽣ûСͳ
ֲǴֱģ¿򣭲ʵͿɣɭ˹Ĭٵ˵áͣ
޲ˡڱԵ˵ģУνġڴֱ
ֲУĴӺ˵𣿾㡰ʿıײţȣôҲֻ˵
ʿλũ֮ϡ־Ҷֲܵ
ʷѧϵĽڣ

־ƪµ˼·ǣǰִйᣬʿţȣȨƣϳƾ
ƶ֮ʿͲʿˣ֪ʶӣûȨˣţȣԵˣ϶
һЩԵ֪ʶӡʲôǡ֪ʶӡʲôǡԵ֪ʶӡ
־Ȼɲ꣬ƪ߼ңǰԲĵط಻ʤѾ
ģ۵Ļͷβ4֮Ǵģƪ
ѾһĿȻǾҷһġ

ΪҪ־߼λңǱ1򲽣ȥƽؼĶ
塣ȻҪѧĽǶ⣬ôȴѧо

̸ʿ֪ʶӵת͡Ե֪ʶӵ𡱡ж
ԭʿˡ֪ʶӡ˶١Ե֪ʶӡ
ԱΪ𡱣ЩȻҲǸ硣־ƪܹᵽ62
ȥ³Ѹͬһˣ쵤JordanǸУصֻ
60ڼжٴѧжٴѧڣҲ˽⣬ȻοҾУͬ
ѧ¼֣У19241949䣬͸Убҵ23ˡʱȫ
ѧѧֻҾУһ60˵ƶӴ壬Ƿ̫
Цˣ

־۶ϣ1ƾȡʿı׼ı䣬ʿ֮鼴֮
䡣Ϊ֤ʿĶ鼮ˣƤӡȻ̸Ҷ
»ԲϲѧԲҶ»Ե֤ʿһأʵϣ
ͳݣ˵30%ʿ˱任˶Ŀô˵Ҳǳģ
־̼Ȳߣ಻ڣֻǾôһìܵӡ2
ˣȻǲĶ鼮أȽϺý
ȥ鿴ӡĳĿ¼ɷ֣Ȼ־ﲢֻ˽
̺ӡйκһѧͼ棬ɼ
Ĵͳ֪־ͽƾ֮ġ3ʵϣ˵ĩĳ
رǰ˽δմȾڰĴͳѧ˺Ϊ
ʦĺʡʵľͬʱ˽й˵䶯ȡת䡣
ȿǰһ䣬ǳѧ͵ġǲ֪ƣʱũ嵽
Сʱѧ˲ǧ٣øΪʣһ䣬ʺ
ңֽйˡ䶯ȡת䡱־дͽƾ
࣬ڴ˾Ͳһһоˡ

Ȼ֮һҧ־̵ƽˮƽֻΪ壬߼ң
ΪΪѧڣȴȱдΪʿȴȱӢ
ĶλհһƪĵժҪ

Ľйͳԭ֮׵ʿڽ֪ʶӵת֪ʶ
ѧϵıԵԼԵ֪ʶӵһضֳ仯Ķ̬
йᷢչ·йľޱһݺн
оȡע˼ݻǨĻϵӵʱ˵̬仯
ı䶯Գһڹ͵˼·

Ȳ˵޵̵ֿڣŲ֮࣬ǰٺӦø
ΪţΨһһֺӦøΪšȫֻ8ţ3ʸߴ37.5
һ仰Գһڹ͵˼·ûκ
йܿ־˵ʲô˼·ڹͣʵϣ޵
˵ǡһͿܡȻﲻ֪סˣ˵ֻ
˵Ļ軰֮ƪǣǻ޺Ӣˮƽɡ

Ҫϣûп޺κӢļֻ
ƪӢ·ڡо͡ǹϵоԿϣ
http://www.hist.pku.edu.cn/person/luozhitian.htmƪǰ漸ҳ
ӢĵʣǿԾʹ˿˵ӢˮƽΡ

޺ᵽһĻΡȶ෽湦ܵĻ
(institution)ᵽ˵䶯(social mobility)ȡҲ֮
ϲ޺飬һˣȻһ˵ﾳӦ÷
ƶȡǣsocial mobilityǲǡ䶯أѧ棬
䶯ָsocial changeʱҲǨsocial mobilityרõķ
䶯ܸԡϵһ̸ۡһ
ӡ֤޺ǵ̵£ʮ裬Ķֻһ֪⡣ʵ
ֻҪӢʵ䡷2121ҳӢĵ޺
Ĳʸߴ66.7治֪ôôģ

ƪ£ҲܽµĻУ޺黹ڲϵ
ԼҲǸ֪ʶӣǰ֪ʶôţȣgoogleֻ
2170ʵҲδܺ绽꣬ҪдôһƪñȰQ
ҫģҲ

һܶ˵

ΪһЩνĿ֮޶˲²⣬ڴһЩ˵

1ҲʷѧơĸǽʷģҷǳһЩ
ѧʷģǵѧԶ־֮Ա⡣˾ڶѧ
ʲôӡ

2Ҳ˿֮ΪڹʷϵⲢȷҶԱʷϵû
κγɼȥۣдѧУԷηС½
ͬΡλͬסһҾƵꡣλΪǫͣѧã
ѧƳ磻ͰףĬȤƽ׽ˣΪʮص
ǰ

3Ҳ˻Ϊڶ־ˡ޷ϡ˾־
д£Ϊ߼ңȱȷ˼άļȱ
дȱӢĶʵ˶־
ʹˡ̡ĳԶҪָǣ̡Դ
ĿѧطԸоʵĴӦ̡Ҫ
־Ͼơùݻӡóǻ
׃һǳ˵ġɵơλģûʹЩ
ⲢΪҴʻƶĴʺ񣬾òʿʹ
ŮʿճУ˶Ϊֲ̣У
Ըʹ˵ǸЩŮʿ۱µʱ򣬲Ҫֻ֣
ǻص⣺־ǲں˵˵ǲȱ߼˼ά


4ĳЩŮʿԱ˲ʷѧרҵԱΪɣΪ˲־
ʸ񡣵ǣʲôѧ£޲Ҫ߼ִʹöȷ
Ĺ淶־´濴ͷβ֡
Уʶ̸ʲôԹֻǴӾϧֵֽ
ҷ־˵˵ѡ

־Ľ飺

նıףն־˽ĶࡣһũѧԱ
֪ʹʲôֶνĴʦԺǳ۵Ӱ˵һŲֽһ׿㣬
ôǾΪĸУʮֲϾУ
ܰ䷢ƾΪ֮īѧīѧ
ĵλȻҪȺ߶ѧڱĵλҪߣҲ߲ȥ
ͨתУ˹ȥˡһйˣȥнйʷʵǷǳ
ġϣ빮˵ҪԼĳȥȱ˵Ķ̴ͳ
˵й˵Ȼߣȴ20ǰ֪Ҳ
˵Ǹ漣У̲ߵȱڸ˹ٸ
ʮ꣬õʿѧλʱ64粨ƽϢãȻƭ˹Уı
˲ʿѧλ֪ƾӢˮƽڹıʲôְȻع
˱ȹеʷۡһܲڽڸӴת󣬵˱
֮Ҫŵʷѧļˡ

˼ҵ䣬׳΢ڽͷϽըʯ෷
ʳľϡ飬֪˼ů20̣֮н
֮λбۺͼ⡣ΩԽļ
˺࣬˼˳ֿ־飬Ŀǰ˽ҷµ
Ŀ޷ˣһԱȫ츣ǧʷѧϵѧ
ʷߡְ·Ϊ־׵
ȱѧо߼˼άбĪѧЧ޷
ѧ֮ܽȫдؿԴӡ
Խˣңɼ֮롣Ŀǰ³ҵֿ־֤
ֻҪְ׫дѧƷ赣κγ淽⣬˱ذ
Ϊһѧ֮ҡ

(XYS20050603)

˿(www.xys.org)(xys.dxiong.com)(xys.3322.org)(xys.dyndns.info)

ܹɽƼ֮󣨶

ߣ

ȡı١

ǰ˵˽ԺʿĵһУһʮǣһǲ
ԺʿģٽƳ³¡ˣڳɼǰû
ϱϴ£˹ĿԣǺܿƳ˴Ժʿĵ
Уȡᡣ

˵ֻн11ƪ֮110ƪ֮ͣǲƽġҲ
ǲʵʵġľͲ˵ˣ˵ʦ¿ԺʿҲ
ô̽ġڳԺʿȲˡһʮȽÿ
ƪ֮ýʮƪ֮ͣǰѻԺʿͷΣֺ
ڴףһ¡ԴˣǾίģҲԼ
ϣڣʦûжоҲܵԺʿΪʲôͲܣ
1999굱ԺʿDDDCֱ2001һֱɽʦԺʿ𡣴
2001꿪ʼ2003°ɳ˧2003°꿪ʼɽӹܡ
μhttp://www.dddc.ac.cn/publications.htmǰͿ˵
ԺʿҲ֮ڵ顣ôĵʲôأǾ
DDDCŶӡ

ҪˣȻҺϻıǹ١Ȼÿ˽ʮһƪ֮
ƪ֮ͣΪʲô˵ʦͽȡأǣ浽֮
ǰ˭ٵ⡣һپٵģѽֱˡһ
ͬ־ֻһٶ٣Ҳֻʦͽ٣ˡ
ͬǡ11ƪ֮110ƪ֮͡أʦͽ
㵽ԺʿͷΣˣʦͽĽֻǳ
ڽʦͽӰ֮£ܳꡱ֮Ҳ㲻ǵġ
ϵУȻЩǡ֮ܳ󣬵ȴ˼
еĹ͡գèͳֺһ*ϡȻǱ
١ˣÿ11ƪĲ110ƪļǮʵϸ˵ӡǣ
ڡ*Ĺ⻷֮¡仰˵ȫմˡ*Ĺ⡣ԣ
ܳҲϣҲȻˡȻ*˵
µҪߣ˵ǸµҪˡ٣˵
ӡǣֻڴ*˵ĳɹ˶֣Ͷ
޷ţ߸ڣôЩûһƪԼԸ
£Ҳûһƪǲ롰𡱻뽯ͬ𡱵£
ˣǾгɻǵôϵģǵĴ
ƾʲôġǻҪʣʦͽ֬иݣ
֮иΣʦͽѴ̣û˻š
ȫС˵˵ĳһ˲УҲпŶȣ
ǣ˵߸ȫ̫ˡĽǣʦͽ
ְȨǵġɹԡ١ˣˡأִ
DDDC˧ӡҲ࣬ԣǵô˭᲻أý
ͶƱ

(XYS20050603)

˿(www.xys.org)(xys.dxiong.com)(xys.3322.org)(xys.dyndns.info) 

һڵĹԷļ¼

yijianbing

йũҵѧԴ뻷ѧԺԺŸ

http://www.cau.edu.cn/zihuan/shizi/jiaoshou/zhangfusuo.htm

  	2004	2003	2002	2001	2000	1999	1998-1991	ܼ
Ӣ	22	18	8	5	12	6	7	78
	44	51	54	25	42	48	178	442
ƽ//	5.5	5.8	5.2	2.5	4.5	4.5	1.9	3.1

ۼ,ÿ¿ɴ5.5ƪķļ¼,ʲô˵!

йũһΪSCIս˼ĹԳɹ,ɴ˿ɼһ!

(XYS20050603)

˿(www.xys.org)(xys.dxiong.com)(xys.3322.org)(xys.dyndns.info)

䣿



й䣬߽ǹЦ̸ǻԣй
йԣϷŪ裿ǻ޳ܣ

Լ۾й䣬ˡǰڱѧ
йʮ䡯ѡ١ԮֹѡԻѡ٣
ġϷܿر𷢱̴ʡʱ䡷

Юй˽ο˽˽ЩйýѧۣΪˣд
жйǡж̨֮ӡѡ׼ͷΧأ
ΪϿɣ׼ĹӦ١ʵӡȴй
壬ν֮жйѺּܹ֣ܿһ£ǾȻ׼
йˡ

ýУ̨жľж󣻵жҰо
Ұ֮ܿýСˣӿ硣ܿҰһɵģ
нյġ쵼йʥּ׷ܱܿÿ׫
ġӰйʮˡگӰ족ˣȻǡ䡱
ˣӰ족䡱ʱ꣬ܿҲһꡣ

СжҰʾͶҰڷʲô
жϣôܴôοܿϵ塰䡱
ֲ䣬ǰϷ䣬䣬ƹԣ
յ̽ýʱҸ䡭ʣʮһӣй걼η
ϧԴޣ֣Ҳˣƾ迯ҫ
Ȩǿ⣬˽˽˦һ˿Ұ죬Ҷй쵼ˣ
˵ѡͯ죬˶Ѫ¹
֪ܿǷ־

͹۵ؽĿǰ֮Ϸͬ⣬Ǳѡ
׼ΪʮǣʮżʮӢܣʮģ֮࣬Īķ첻
̫ǿҡҦģȨײ͹۾˵ģκβã
Ȩ߱ϾûаҦѡΪй䡣ǳΪй
䣬Ҧһģʲôأ

Ƴǣܿ׼˺ٹȺõġ¼
ƷͶ˶й뵱ȻʶжϣΪ׼йýѧ
䣬¼ǻġ¼ǵĳɹʻͽ֮࣬
ΪƽʢʣǵġҲǻӭ׿ϵġܿ߼
¼ˣٹ˼ˣҪϷһɧ
ʸӾͷ񲣬³ġй͡йVSƸ
21ʼȻйˡ

йʮ䡱ΪܿƵĽƫƫڶͯڱ
ٹ˵ĬϷͬʼį⣬ҪлߵϷ
ҹ̷㲥¡ڱѧġйʮ䡯ѡ١˵
ӵʮģ֮ѧ䡣ˣ
һߣףҷֱ治ٱѧ̬졣

ǺչģԿ϶ǣնӰй쵼
̡<Ϸĩ>Ϣˡ<¾>ԽԽáϷŵġ
ܿҲϢˣҲԽԽˡ֪֮ܣǿ
ѡ١ڴ˫ӮԾԾĻ೴Ȼ˫ĽʹϷ
ܿȻóˡ

˵ʲôأεýҪѧ԰ɡãáй
£йزӦʹȨֹý޼ɵʵá
¡Ҫйʮ֮ѡӦﵽ鷶Χ
Ȼ㷺漰ϺϡϵʡУϱȫ
ûзֵ򣡡ػʮӢ۰񡷣硣Ǳѡ
ԻƳΪ䣬Ͳйýıͳ裬ȫй
ͳˣ

2005.6.1

(XYS20050603)

˿(www.xys.org)(xys.dxiong.com)(xys.3322.org)(xys.dyndns.info)

λѧۼҶԴѧĲͬVS.

Խ

ǰͼݿһ׺ӱġȫ
ϲѡϽһĿ¼ֵڰ˾󻪼һƪϣ
һ--ΪѧʮУһ󣬲뵽ǰ
ðɧšһλڡͬǱĽڣͬѧ
ۼңͬһƪԴѧļ⣬ͬʽۣ˼(Ӧ
Ϊϡ)¾˿˷һȤѲȥ
²˴ˮƽܲ¼ַ̫߰Ȩ
ֻժ¼Ķΰ(ҪǸЩûа취赽ѿ)

ڱѾףԼ90Уˣع˾ʮʷܵĿ
³Ѹ˵ͼµĸĸﾫرѧĻҪ
йִ˼ı仯չ͹켣ǲܺԱ
Ҫõġ

ΪĽܶ࣬˸ѧƵרѧߣñõĿ˵
ǡ˲Ż͡˵ǡ֪ʶӳɶѡʮ궯ʱڵ
֮ΪС󡢳ǳ˶࡯ʵЩ˼࣬˵һ
ѧ϶һɾ͵Ⱥ壻ڿҵؽˡ¿ѧо
䡢ĲͬڶĳЩĿϿѧнϴĲ
𣬵Ҳ뵽ҪͬԼѧڶĵλ

ΪΪйִ˼һ˵ӵĻ
ôУ˼ѧ׵ǿΪӰʵ
ġҽںѧȺ壬乹ɱȽϲβӣУΪˣ
ǿԴѧУĳһʱڵӰġˣҾô챱У
йִ˼Ľһ룬ǿеģҲЧġ

ֻǵ(ָУ--Խע)ΪΪ
죬ôЩֻǸʷĹ׺ͳɾͣϵ
Ϊһչ죬ôǵĻ͹׾͹ִйѧ
˼뷢չеһʷڣˣǸ˵ĳɾ⣬ͬ
ΪУܲɷֵġΪǲֻһȫѧĵ
ΧһȺ֪ѧ̶߳Ȳֺ֧ͬͬǵš
ԣǶӺͿйִ˼пܿйִ
ļ۵ǰ

˶йִѧʷͽʷܸȤϵ£磬
ܹඥǱĺ£Ǳѧʺ澫

󣬽ѧϰһΣ㱦ʱƪС޸һ£
һ򾫲ɵʡ

ڣд·

(XYS20050603)

˿(www.xys.org)(xys.dxiong.com)(xys.3322.org)(xys.dyndns.info) 

ˮͲһ

Ҷ

ˡ°桰ˮ͡(XYS20050527)Ҹеˮ
кܴĲһϰˮƭ˵ģƭǮƭӶˮܱܲ
֪ġ½塢׵ġˮ͡ûƭˣԼ賧
ԼͶʣûƭˡ½˵ҲǲˮֻͣҪͱǮ
Сӵ㳭Ҳǳġ

ҵĸоƭ˳½壬ó½ȱ֪ʶʹ½
ͶʽһûжϣĿӦ֪黯
ͼˮȻֵ

(XYS20050603)

˿(www.xys.org)(xys.dxiong.com)(xys.3322.org)(xys.dyndns.info) 

ʷ̸

Trumask

ӵ»,ᵽڡ˭ӵĵţ
ر绤һе̸ƶʷ:

ӿûе⿴˹⣬һҲйĵ
¢Ϻͱġһֻͣ40Ԫ°ƵϺĩ
ͨȻ⼸ҲǲҵӪӪȻܹ󡣶չڵ
۸˭ϵŵ¢Ϻͱ˭ûл˼

оλ̸ƶ40µ˵е㲻̫׼ȷ,Ϊ˸׼ȷ
˵⣬ΪĵҲйһ,Ҿ
򵥽һ˽ҵ.ƶŻǷſ,ȫԾӪ
,˭Ը,ҶЩӪ̵վ鵽̸ľϢ.

ص绰:

Ϊlocal绰.ڵĳݵʡNashville,еȳУ
local˾Ϊbellsouth,һlocal30(˰),,
л.Ϊص,Ҳûڼ,ڲŲҪǮ,
ڹ,,Ҫͨʱ,òŵȻҲͲϰµĿ.
ͳһ,ڵŵ¢ϺͰѾǿȷɵ.

ڶӡ̵ľװ绰,Ҫָ,,ÿ
Ҷֳɵĵ绰˿,ֻҪ˺,ڼҵȼͿͨ.ڹ,
ܶطʱ,ÿеǵ,Σ,Ҳ.и
,㲻ϲbellsouth,⻻һҵ绰˾,ҲҪĹ˾
²,ĵ绰˿Ȼʹ.д,뵽ġΪʲô
Ļѱöࡷһ,Ķ.

ˣҪƻҪ֧45ƻֻһ绰Ϳ
ɡҲͨɣһأϲͨɣʱЩ
벻ջ񡣱磬bellsouth춼ṩŻݷ񣬷ͨ
ƻģԵõһ35Targetй￨ȥƻ
õſôʵƻҲͻ10ѡ

ƶ,ĿǰȽϴӪԼ6,ֱ
T-mobile,Verizon,Nextel,Sprint,AT&T,Cingular,AT&TƶŸ
Cingularϲ,ӦĿǰȫƶӪ.⼸˾
,Alltel,Suncomȶ13ҵĹ˾Ҳڷֳһ鵰.Աȹڵ
޼ļӪ̣˵ƶ˾ǲӪƺҲΪ

Ϊ˼˵⣬Լ沢AT&TƶҵCcingular˾Ϊ
ӣƶʷġҪ˵ǣƶŷڶ࣬
иָķʼƻplanӽõĸͨʣ

Cingluar˾ĸ˷6ͬļƻֱǣ
       
  ÿͨʱ  ĩʱ  ͨ

$39.99       450            5000        
$59.99        900                 
$79.99       1350                 
$99.99       2000                 
$149.99      4000                 
$199.99      6000                 

һT-mobile˾ģù˾ļƻԶЩ

  ÿͨʱ    ƽʱϣ900-630   ĩʱ  
$19.99  60 Minutes                                500 Minutes 
$29.99  300 Minutes                                 
$39.99  600 Minutes                            
$39.99  1000 Minutes                                 
$79.99  1500 Minutes                           
$99.99  1600 Minutes                             
$99.99  2500 Minutes                           
$129.99  5000 Minutes                          
$129.99  2500 Minutes                           

ҹ˾ķʼƻпԿ39.99һԼ۱ߵģȻ
˵ġͬʱ۸˰ǰۣͨ˰45ңͬ
˰۲ͬһΣͬĹ˾ҲȫͬЩͬ
ص㣬ʱԼ500ӣƽʱϻĩƻ򳤴ǧӵ
ͨϣεķܹͨȺڵ󡣴⣬
ƶʻص㣺

ͨѣûйηѺͳ;ѣͨʱΪanytime,
ֻлǹڳ;һ㣩ЩplanҪһ
ĺͬϣӵû˵ˣҪʹһ
ü¼ͷҸûãAT&Tһ29.99ļƻ
֪ΪûʷҪ൱ʵѺʹá

˵ֻˣģÿ˾ṩ
üT-mobileṩ۸ֱ49120ֻ
ȻǰҪӦһƻС

ܵƶŸһ̵ӡǿ񣬼
£˿ͣرǶ˾ԣڷʶƵ£˭ṩ
ݶ࣬ɫиNextelĹ˾ֻи൱
Ȥص㣬ǻԵ˫ԽãŶʡˣã˭
ס˿͡ǰ£͸ֻȻͲڻˡʹЩ
ѵֻЩ۸ҲǱ˵صڰ͡

йĵŹ˾ڵ绰ƶ绰Ȼ
ųӵƶͻЩȴû
һĵŷ񡣶ڷи򵥵رȽϷȥκ
һƶ˾վȻٶԱйƶŹ˾վ
Ǵйվܹ˽⵽Щݣٿ˼ģһ
εģȶûȡ˵ʲôڵǷܹ350İ·ѣ
仰ҲԿҪôȡ֣ҪôѾǰ޳ˣ
㵹֪ķʳ8˵ôͲ֪Ҳ8
˵⻰ء

˵񣬻ҪָŷһҪ仯ǣ
ڵ绰룬ƶ绰룬ֻҪԸ⣬Աԭĺ룬Ȼ
תʹһ˾ķ񡣸÷ȥͨģĿ
ȻҲΪ˱ߣߡ

̸㽨飬ĿǰڵŵʵҾӦÿеĸĸ
ǼȻѣӦøӦģͨʱ䡣ڵл
ĻϻҪͨʱշѼֱǿǮû

(XYS20050603)

˿(www.xys.org)(xys.dxiong.com)(xys.3322.org)(xys.dyndns.info)

й

kchen

ййŵ˼ͬһ֢״޷ŴԼ˽ߵ
һϢ

Դйŵģ¶֪ (ֻѡ
ʧ)ųڵշƶȶճװѺߵ˫
ѣȵȵȵȡڽ죬Ҽװѣζ˶
ý

Σ˵ġ޴лͨ豸йԶ˿ڷõӰ
Ҳʵ˿ڷô½ǡ˹ڶĽ޴л1995
ǰֻܽũг10ǰĶ˿ڷҲʲôġܸ
㡱һҶ֪δɡ

ǻ˵ʲôֻͯšȫĳװѡѡ绰ѻҪϽ
Ҳû䵽绰ֵĶ ⲻ֪˵⻰С
֪ûСʶôࡰܹͨ߹Ӧ
С֪ʵ

ڵǷĲȡһǱȽƫ˵ġ

ô׹ڵΡĲȡİɡӪ̵һ
ؼָARPU - Average Revenue Per User - Ҳܴһû
յǮ

ͨΪ2004ARPU 85.3RMB/monthԼ USD10/monthͬ
Verizon USD51.58/month˭˭һ

Ȼһʱй߶ٶٱû
ҲӦüס豸йʱǾΪй
Ķʮ֮һʹ󷢴ȱֻйʮ֮һǮ

ǹڡֻѡҲٶһҶĿһгص
ASP - Average Sales Price - Ӫ̵ļǮ2004ƽ 
USD189ڱӪ̿Դûե USD51.58/monthȻ
subsidizeֻi.e. ѻ򳬵ͼۡԲ뵱ȻڵϿ
ѵĹΪֻѡ

ڡӪȻܹƣҲſڿӡVerizon
2004 USD1.5BSprint PCS2003껹 USD322MΪȽϣ
ͨ2004 RMB588MԼΪUSD 80M

Ҹ˲ҲǣҲǻйţƶͨԱ
ûңҲûȤȥʶʲôܹͨ߹ʵ˵
ѡ

ڡΪʲôйĻѱöࡱһᵽ

뿪ʢٴԼ100Խɽ֮ڳｫ400
·ϣֻȫûźˡĥԭ򣬴žΪô
·;Уֻ3˿ڼΪϡ١ȫһ޼ʵããֺ
³ɱ̫߶̫͡ԣмû΢źţźŵ
ä...

ɴ˿ĵҵȽòˣ֡󡱵ı˵
ʱͶʴҪǳɱⱾ⡣

ܶӪģʽЩ⡣

ȣͨѶƵμ䷱ֻ77755ĳ·û
źŲζеӪڸ·ζ޸ǡһֿ
Ӫڴ޷񡣶С

Σʲôг֮һߵίԱ
FCCӪϵȨʱͶʴҪǳɱ
FCCҲӪ̲

һڳӪ1998AT&T Wireless filed a petition 
to FCCرڶո̫ƽ󺣰ϡٵͨ硣FCC
ؾΪAT&TͨѶʱ֤ڸͨ
ĴԱpublic emergency communication

˵ĪڸƶͨѶִյշ̬ˡ

ʲôͨѶִգ˵һӪҪӪҵ
Ҫͨ豸Ҫߵ粨Ҳ˵̵ߵ
Ŀռһߣ뽻Ǯɡ

ִջȫͨáڻʢִգ˲ʿٶԲ
ӪҪ򵥡

жٴ˵1995~1997һ 
USD10.1B100ԪͬӢ2000 USD 33B330Ԫ
¹USD 47.5B475Ԫޱĺ

ʷ󵽵˭ĵҲ˵ҲףЩ
ͨߡ

йϼĲȡִշѵĹ֮һ

һ仰޹أ͸Բġ

ϣԺһӲƽйǷ̫ʱ򣬻
Ƚһ£һЩйɡ

(XYS20050603)

˿(www.xys.org)(xys.dxiong.com)(xys.3322.org)(xys.dyndns.info) 

ſӦôˣ

Whw

ѧƵģѾͨ˹ʻʦACCAԵĴ󲿷ֿγ̣ڴ
Ըݹʻ׼IFRSInternational Financial Reporting Standard
ṩһµſ㷨

һѣǲƷǷٸˡ֧ѣ
ôȸǮΪԤſ֧Ȼѣ绰
Ԥǿǣĳɱ޹أǿû
һصķáֻҪſȽǮٴ绰Ԥ

Ԥӱ֧ߣߣģߣ
˾롣ֱ߽˷˫ΪֹԤΪ롣

ԤԽߵĺôҪм㣺Ϣ루ʡ˻ˣ
̹˿Ⱥͼӿֽһ̼Ҷϣյҵ
õԭԵſΪ

Ź˾۳1000򿨣ÿſƽ10ԪÿſĽʹΪ1
ꡣô

Ԥܹ=1000*10=1ڡȻ1߻ѣԤ
űɵŹ˾

迨ĽһƽģôһڵԤʻƽ1
/2=5000 ע1򵥵˵͵ڵŹ˾5000ֽ
˾ʻ1ꡣ

ٳһʣע25000*2%=100ԵŹ˾Ϣ׬
100

ϿԿյкܴĺôһ̼ṩһЩ
ۿӿտٶȣҲЩٸ˵߷Ծ͵ſ˵
ȻпȻҲҪһĳɱԤĺôһ㹻˳ɱ
ļǮӦñһ绰ļǮһЩ

ֻǷǳ򵥵طһ£嵱Ȼкܶ಻ͬǻԭ
ǲ!

ֻ˵ɾг棬Ź˾Ǿƹǵĵ绰
ֻЩ¢ϣгŻֵŹ˾߸ϵľ档й
ĵŹ˾㲻ԵֻҪĵŹ˾һ¾ˡȻ
Ŀǰǲܵġ

ע1ʵʻģǻһ̶ȵĽڸ
ע2ʵкֲܶͬʣǼ򻯵㷨ǵŹ˾
ҵ2%ʿ϶ʵʵͺܶࡣ

(XYS20050603)

˿(www.xys.org)(xys.dxiong.com)(xys.3322.org)(xys.dyndns.info) 

Ҳ˵



⼸쿴ڵŵۣ޷Χһ㣬ǵŲŵô
ġΪһŲְǿԼȻ˲٣ûĳЩ
ô࣬ΪһϽˡһںͶã
¢ϻõıǿǰһ֣Һûǿ
ĺһ֣вͬ

ڲĺһ֣Ҿ۲Ǹð취Ϊ¢ҵ
ߣһͬ¢⡣
мȵߵ»棬ߺ׺¢۵Ȼ죬
ʵδر¢ڳɱԼ۸ϸӴҶ
ҵӢˣжҲдԹΪӦø50塣

Ųŵ߲¢γɵ⣬¢϶Թ
ϵƻԼ۸ΪĵҵƵƻʹҵ޷ʤ̭
ʹְÿֻʣһã۸͵1ӻֻ1ǮҲ
־ܾ¢ϡ

ҪԹ׵ǣҵҪơԱǷ¢ϣ
ϰղҵľ۵÷ûо¢֤
ľӪжǿҲ֤ؾӪʲϵ
ҵκι֣ϷӪܹӮÿڱ
ʹͬҵӪȫƲϰȻûл˵

⣬ûв̫ǰһ֣ҵбҪ΢һ¡
ʵôϽɵĲֿ¢ϳٳ޷ԭ
򡣼ȵⲻɿڣĸȻòά衣ڵ
ĸǼȵ߲ĵĽԷӳ⣬ʹôģϰղ
ܵ߻ߣûʵʵĲУֻƱĸоŵĸĸ
ϵͣһרӪΪרӪظ䱾ϰȻֻԹߣ
Ѿĸıⱳۡ

(XYS20050603)

˿(www.xys.org)(xys.dxiong.com)(xys.3322.org)(xys.dyndns.info) 

ٶӵһ



1˵ҵڡ¢ϡ͸֡ܡ
˵ҵȱá㲻ٱĳ໽˰ɣ

2ӵĵƽʱֻܱĴƣһִ
ˣͳͳƸңȲҪһޡҲ̫
?ǹҵĻƲ٣׬Ҳ˹⣬ǣҳ⣬
ź˲ɣؼʱ̣Ŷ

3ӿȱľóʶȻ㲻塰ϡΪ󡱸¢ϡ


ַſڴ˱ȷ

ʵҪ߰Ĵۣкɳض˼
2000Ԫ̫תһȦ˹׬˶˭Ҳ֪гɱ
ĻӦǱˡٵȼ϶ܱ˲٣ǲԸѽ
УʱˮȺĹö࣬ܿһܲ
ļǮʵҶ֪һˣȻе򡪡ϡΪ


˹Ƴ̫εʱгֻһң޷ֵȫڼ
£˼ά£ʹ˴ƣҲ¢Ϻ޹ϵǶ˹ͨ
вֶΣֹͬĹһ߹˾ӪҵˮҲ
ͬа취ͨ»߸ЧֵǰУȻ
üǮЩ߶¢󡱳Ϲϵ΢Ҳ׬Ǯ
ͬüաʡ߻Ǯǿ
ȦǮǡʡǣ
ӵĻʡ

ٶӵһ¶ΪֹϿסʹ
ӣ˿ĶǴҲ췳͸ˡ

(XYS20050603)

˿(www.xys.org)(xys.dxiong.com)(xys.3322.org)(xys.dyndns.info)

һΪ˰޷˿վĹ˽˿վĶ̬ؿ
˿ʼбxys@yahoogroups.com

ʼбÿ췢һ˿վ¸µϣÿµ׷һÿ
Ŀ¼ʼбĶμ롰˿֮ѡ
ʼбxys_friends@yahoogroups.com

ù䶩ġù䣬ܿ޷յ
Ƽ䣺yahoo.com, hotmail.com, gmail.com

ġ˿ʼбĵ䷢һհż

xys-subscribe@yahoogroups.com 

塢ͣ˿ʼбͣ䷢һհż

xys-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com 

Ͷxinyusi@yahoo.comôıļͶ塣

˿(www.xys.org)(xys.dxiong.com)(xys.3322.org)(xys.dyndns.info) 