                       ˿µϣ20040807գ

04.08.07, ʯˡ
04.08.07, ʲôǺǱ޳ܣ
04.08.07, 羰¼֮롷
04.08.07, ҡܼ١ѧ֮رܡ򡱡
04.08.07, š˭£ѧԺ££
04.08.07, LXҲ̸⡱кᲩʿνɫ
йвͲƶȵľʾ
04.08.07, а죺ڲȡо
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04.08.07, MTL_PANУԶˡ
04.08.07, ͯһѧϰ»šı顷
04.08.07, skyʦ¼֮죭ʰ桷
04.08.07, ӡԴΡԴ֮ѧ⹹

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ʯ

Ϊѧ¼һֱ˵ѹֵķһ
Ϊ졣

뷨ţԴսĽص֮жƷ
佲ϲĶ俪ѧҵ´ʣĲ˹ļ
ѧϰ˼·ӱҰأУͻظ
˼巨ѧйѧδ

죬ˣҵУ俶ĽƱУΪйѧ
ĳ裬Ϊ21͵ȺΥ˵棬ȴ
һλĸߣϤȴƫƫϳϣĲϤǲ
һϸĵʦһѷ֪Ĵڣȴ
赭дķܣ߳ŭԶܾʡΪһѧ־ܾ
ǲַĽȨֵ֤Щȥһ
2004ƭ

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ԻΪʲôֱ⣿ʸ˴ԼĶ
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ͿıˣǿαŹȡ
ȣΪɣȨΪһڼĹ֪ʶ
ӽɫԣнΣѵ

ˣ־űࡣУ͵ίǣĪְҲ
Ǳԭ֮һʲôȨΥ¼ͿĨѧ⣿ʲô
ȨſڿΪΥվ̨飿ȫǮڡѧУ
̳Ϸƨ𣬰Ǻúòһѡ

ˣƿһЩýĸͷ21;ñܿ
¾ȣЩ԰ý壬Ϊʲôòƹķ̸ת
˵ߣ׷ĳʲôޱ߼ʵĸ

ˣܼĻ֮£򱱴󡢽ʾ
ǵתսɹһжӦһ
˵

޸Ϸһͥɣ
ͥڼȱϯǲоͬ⣬ȻЧݷѧ
۵㣬ܱ֤

(XYS20040807)

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ʲôǺǱ޳ܣ



й֪ʶһֱǸεĽɫһĭϥıԼ
ķ룬һ滹ŹιƽµУΪҪǣһ
ֱΪ֪ʶǹҵģ֪ʶӿʼ޳ܵʱ
ҩɾˡ

ҵǣҿ޳ܣУǺѵµ
߲ԡ¼ˡʵϣĿǰѾʼ𲽵о
ѡαԳɼȨأ׼˶ʿͲʿоȡԡ
Ĺ۵㡣ɷнµгղʿ˵ʵڲ
УѧоҪμӱԣɽֱдƼ
֮ѧУĽԺǷ¼ȡȻйΪ˹ƽ
ְ⣬оѡвȡ˱ԵʽΪԿ
Ӧоѡʧ

һλУΪλҪԣò
أҪΪе˸ûвμԾϲ󣬶еĿ
˶ʮӸûѧʵ¼ǹѧܵһ
С˻ˣΪڸһԣҪٱһǧԣ۲У

һȤǣ֪¼һ۱ʺΪʲô
У˴ԵУϲζҲóźڵϹ
ºڷĵĸɻʵԭֻһǾУ˻С
ܵ˻򽫻ܵ𺦣ʹѹ˲ö˵棬
еĹಲͼάԼ档

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ˣרʹǳǿƼţڸλﶥͷ˾
ûܰôҪ˵ЩѧǣпǮŮ
ʲôϡˡѧĸܣйһ͸˵ƻ


(XYS20040807)

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¼֮

羰

ʵ»Ϻԩô𷶽оٵıϲ硣ǧй
ƶȼǰƽȵǱ򣬱й·ѧĴڽ
ıѧԺʿвƻˡλʽϲ
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ϷԽнǰ̵Ӧѹָʵ»ϰ
ڻ￴һҲ߷߲ƽҪ֪ϰһ
֮һǰ̽壬һˡ

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Ϊͨ˽ԿɽĻᡣеĿƶȣǳΪǣҪ
ˡͨѧѧӦ֪ҡҪͳĴۡй
ἱת͵Ĵ󱳾£ѧѧԺ
ݣʹ¼ϵ̬ȳΪһойߵȽĸ
Ȥ

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ǿĹػѧҲ⣨ݽϧ¼У
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˻ҲС

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ۺϿԣĲͨ˶ʿ˵Ĵڡ֮ȣϣ
¼Ϊһĸﱱоʿƶȵ㣬Ҫ˶ʿ
ʿΪȨ潻ĸƷ

(XYS20040807)

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ܼ١ѧ֮رܡ



20040806ʱ

ڹڽƵڴУѧ߲ھ͡ʵ»¼ý
Ӧ84գίάڵڶѧУ̳Ͻܲɷʱƣ
ʵ»¼ӦɱѧѧԺУûн뷨ɵ
ɿԹΪ㣺һѧԺѧԵ⣻רҵԺǿ
⣬ӦɷѧԺԱԴ˲йԤ

ĻӦҲзǡʽӦ߸еʧڱ߿
ѧһμ١ѧ֮رˡ򡱡

ʿڡѧ⡱𣿲ʿȴڵġ򡱣ƶ
ƻ޶ԣԣ¼ȡеκһ
ڣ޲ڡ򡱵Լ֮¡ǹ򣬹ĺǿֵ̽ġ
ģӦӦععֵ̽ġʹʦڲ
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ƶȸȨôȻزع򡢷ϲ
ƶȵ⡣

һԵһĿڸ֮ˢÿԲʿԡ¼ȡĹ
ǷϺɣ¹һȨ¹سǷƻ
ѧô϶һѧ⡱أһѧԺʿĿ
ˢǷƽѧûԡѧ⡱
빫ڵɡ򣬲ʲôΪáѧ⡱һ
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⣬ӦɷѧԺԱԴ˲ԤôҪʣ
 ʵ»¼ǷڷѧԺǷڱѧԺǲ
ȻǡרҵԺǿķ⡱أôǲȻǡԱԴ
ԤֻܽɡרҵԺǿġѧԺأ

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ԡһרҵԺǿķ⣬Ӧɷѧұ˴Ϊɾܾ
أ

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ѧԺûȨȨľ׸СƾȨѧʡû
˻ɱѧԺڡרҵԺǿķ⡱ϵķжжϡ
롰о֮𡪡ʹ׿һ㲻ۣΪ֮һıѧ
ԺôԼ١

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(XYS20040807)

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뵱˽⣬ʱʦԿѧĿڲšԸ̵ȡѧ
Ժѧ⣬רҵԺǿķ⣬ӦɷѧԺ
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(XYS20040807)

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Ҳ̸⡱кᲩʿνɫйвͲ
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ѧѧ͹ѧ֮Ĺ

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϶ŷǱŷĲʿǡҵһŷͬѧоѧԷ
С˵о껹عȥμӹҷۺʵԣҲ˵
ۣ400һ

ڷʿоҲǴʲôطʲôʱ򶼿ԿʼԭҲʲô
˶Դʿľά˹˹ô
ͰͶ֪ǲʿûдͺܳˣʿѧλҲ
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ս룬ΧȻǵˣҲԼ˵㼸꼶ˣŰ졣
ǵƶȵġԡҲأо֮Σѧ֮ΣҲԾ
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ϲҪѡҪھ֮䱣֣ǵʦϵԼҪһ
ȤУʵϣ֮һ϶й˵ĵ
ˣҲͺܴݺģÿСʱй
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ĻѧеʦΪ˵ӢѧĽһ
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ˣô

̬ˣҲˣͺðˣ
ҷģұ¶Ǹõ¶ڷҪһ
ţҪŪѡ

ڸб㽲Ҷпֲ֢ǲ
˵Բԣ¶𣿡

⣬˵ǸԶһģĶأҪжһ
ģҲѽæùҾһڼһҸ²תһ
Ȧţ

㰡ԵʱԼͲǣأƶȸȨ
һЩˣҲãҲ֪¶ôΣ
ʶҲá

ȻˣȻʲôӰҷӰҶ
˭˭ı󰡣סˣ㲻
ҮЦΪ˿㻹ܹվصԭǸ״̬
㾭һЩɵ£ɵأ˺ңҲ˺˱ͱѧ
Ժ

Ҿ͸㽲ԸԸ˵ʵŶ˵
һʿ˵ʵʣ˵˵ٿһô𡭡

ҼҪ㣬ҪҪ㣬Ҿ˷ѹҺǮƣҪҪ
㣬˵ʵ˵˵ѵҲԸЩʱ
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ӡԴΡԴ֮ѧ⹹



һ۵ֵ֮

1993ѧÿ·һƪġÿһ
̬ѸչԼӰ졣Դ۵ĺĸƷ
еľƪΧƷεıԴһչġ

۵еѾԶԶѧ磬Ѿһ
Ӱ졣Ӱı֮һǣΪֺרĵ͡ 
[1]P82

1998꣬Ϊѧʮѽʦ֮һѧϵı
ΪϵʮѽʦеĵһѣֱϵоΪϵʮѽʦеĵһѣ
ֱϵȫѧΪѧĽʦ[2]Ӱ֮
ڣɹĵطҲ˵ǵĵط˵ζ
δĻôѾӰйδķ
ǰ;ԣȷмֵ

ԭ򿼾

ΪʹѸٳأ˵ҲΪĿǰ
Ӣۣʹӳ[3]P3ѧӢ۵ģ
ЩӢеһӢ֮סȻһ䡰ӳǫ黰
Ȼйѧȫ񶨡ӳ˵ı
ͷѧ磬ʵٱˡ

ıԭǣ

һԴڱϵ˷ƱͷƼ
ìܣʹñʿͼʿ֪ڱʿȻǿ
ԴȻҪԡ⡱Ҫͬ־롣ڼʿ
ȻԴҪˣôԴ͸ҪˣƽĲ
Ȼӿ죬϶ܾ罨ɡ

һĺ⻪˹󣬶ҪԱĶ
෴ѧһ˵ĺûʹڹϵĲõĶ
ΣҲ򵥷񶨣˵ҪԴһڲͬص㣬
ʹȻҲѸٳԭ

ѧԽλΪÿһԱṩ˳·Ȼ
ҲҪһġһרҵﶼ첻
ԺУԣǷܹѸٳ

ԭǣӦʷǻʵãҪ

ʷķչ۵ģεĹɸΪۣҪε
ˣǴڼѵĹڣǴεĵڣǶе
ãΪʹã棬Ҫһֹûʵ֧š
Ҫ

йִŬΪʲôܳɹ[4]P13ⲻ
ʣҲꡢԱѧߵʡƷĴ󲿷־ǻش
һģȻǵȤ

Ϊ䷨ûرĴͳϰߺ䷨ûгñ
Դ[4]P13һ𰸺ãǵĻӭ

۵ʵ͸

ᳫñԴִһص㡣Ϊʲô
ԴѰұԴʹԴִμݣñԴ
ҪЩЩڡ䷨μ䱾Դһ
Գ֤⡣ɴչǣչĽñԴ
ִΣԴ豾Ρ۵ʵʡ
£

һΪԴã塣

ѧԭԴӦò塣ǣԴ
ǡǡ෴ΪõԴĵλԴ
Ϊõѧ߲ȡӵ̬ȣ˵ǰѾŲǰѾأֻ
йյĺʵеĹػΡŲǰѾ[4]P7-8

Ҳ˵뽫йġյġ͡ʵġβԡ
еĹػΡΪǽõԴǰѾ

 ĶΪá

Ϊ֤εĿԡҪԣѧߵۺѧ˵
Ϊ֧ţʹĶ۵Դ

˵ѧߵۣҴǽΪҵоע[3]
P2νעʵϾǡáԴ

ڲϷεԭ͹ͬ׼ǰ³Դģ
ˣĶͲöĿĶ

һٰʾεı׼ʵġ[5]
P55磬Ϊպɽүͱķɣڡ
۵ָ¡ֲġ[4]P33

ʵйֻѧϰһЩԭδѧãδֲ
ɡ˼ǣʵķԭйյ
ɽүı硣ԣ˵ıԴΪʵķԭ
ıԴͲǷԭıԴӶҲͲǷεıԴ
ڷ˵ҲûõļֵֻǱεԴ

ģʾҪָյ

˵ԴȻҲָܻյȫ[4]
P15νָյȫ˼ûа취ָ
ȫȻҪǸŬָܻپͻָ٣ָǶ
١

ָ¡磬ǳ˵Ҫһ
гɹȴû˵Ҫָյǲȫָ

ȻҪָյͲñԴִΣ
ҪΡ

壩Ϸεձ׼ִɵĿѧԣԽӹۡ

˵Խеνйɡͬ編ɽӹ졯֡
۵㡰̬ȡ[4]P71ΪйʷҲС
˲ûǵĹ졣ʮӶʮ˵й
Ϊ׸αؽ˼ҵĹأ[3]P63

ʵӹ۵Ļ㲻ۣǹۡΪ˼ҸУǲ
Ҫ˼ҽӹ죬Ϊ˼ҵϿ͹۹ɣǲҪ˼ҽӹ졣
Խӹ죬ʵǷϷԭµĵɵĿѧԡ

ٹ·ȻñԴǣڸٹ·ԭ׼
ͬӹ죬ôߵĿ껹Ǹٹ·

ȻϷε׼ȻñԴĿľͲǽִ
ΣֻǽΡ

ϷƵҪԣᳫԷ塣

˵֪ʶԹұһº͵Ļ
̬ȡƶȡ򡢷ɡгȵȡжĽ
ƵĽ۵ʵʱô󡱡
[3]P101164

йϽ׼ִΣñԴ
ԴҪƣҪͼٹ·һñ
ԴԴҪܵơƲܵģû
ܵġһƿһݲϸ,ǣȻҪƣֱ
ƺϸΪֹƸ·Ǹٹ·

ȻƣñԴġΡǱ
ζѡ

ߣķɶԪֻܵ±Ρ

֪ȫųִεԭǲܵģɶԪۡ
䡰ԪЭۡΪ䷨͹ƶǲͬķԪ
䷨ȣƶǡȻӦѰƶ䷨
໥ЭͺƶЭҲΪҪҲΪ
Ҫ[4] P60616566

ЭأǲǽϰΪҷأʾԡ
˵κϰһƶγ֣ͻٵʧȥΪϰ
ߵĻ[6](P134)

Ļû˵͸ʵϣϰһƶϿɻֱ
ճģʧȥ˶ԣͺ͹ƶһˣͲǵڶԪˡ
ң룬ȻҪƺѡѡеĳƶѡеľͻʧ
ȥġȨ䷨ʵҲͲˣķɶԪҲͲ
ܴˡԣŷԽϰΪҵķɡ

ֻķƶķԪùҷ䷨һֻۣ
һֻۣܽɾСйɵġΡ[4](P56)ֶԪġй
ɵķΡʵϾǱΡ

ˣΪҲǷΡ

ʹáһΡζеĹͬص綨Σʹγ
˷εһ͡

ʶǣҲһˣξ
ôȻؾǷΣǷεһ͡

˵ǹķΣһ̵Ŀ󣬿Ĺ
򡱡йԷεĺ˵Ƕĺ˵
ŽйġֻҪһỹԳ֮Ϊһ
ᣬǻ˹µȻ״̬Ͳȫġ[3](P1487 
149)

ȻǷΣȻйзΣйΪʲôҪ
أΪΪÿ˹ϰߺͬ˵
Ǹ̾ûзΡʱ򣬲ûзκ򣬶ַ
ϰߵĻĹڷεĹкܴͻ[3]P149

νķΡʵϾǽйȽ֪ʶײ׷
ķΣͬӹķ,ǹʱ׼ķΡνϰߵķΡ
йķΣǱΡ

ԣı£йڡ޷Ρ͡ҪΡìܣҲ
ǵͼκ͸߼εìܣ뷨κϰ߷εìܣκ
εìܣִκʹͳεìܡ

ţΪԽִΡ

ôִκͱξĸأڳĲΪ߲
࣬ھõĲΪԽִΡ

˵άֱȻȱݡ粻ƽֱ
ѹȡ̡ΣȵȣǡڹϵķķУ
ҲǴڣҺ˵״͸٣Ȼ
ǾͷǷᣬƶȵĺԡַ߼һ
ԣҲӦˡ[3]P157

˼ףǿͷǷнڷִ
ҲͬǿͷǷнԣұ˴˱˴ˡ

ôйѡִλѡأΪӦѡ
,ǣ

һܵڵĹ㷺ӵǿ˵:
ΪйͳķžƶȵķЧ˵۵ġ
ͼ¹淶ʱͳķɡķɾͻᡰͨڶ
ɵֲܷɡѰ˽ˡʾʾ
[4] P55

ڶִܵķԣЧʵС˵ʹ
ȨʽɵЧҲδغáʽķɸԤʹ
һҴڼεĵλʹͥдڼεĵλ[4]
P30ĸͰе֮һĸеҲ
ɣִΡеڷִΣ
ҵ͵طҲִΣʹִʵС֤֮һѾ
䲼ʮƲҵ͵طķԶͨС[4]P34
3792-94

ġ֮ģ͵ĺԤ

μ۵ʵʣҲηĻģ͡һģ
ʵĻأ

ûǹڵʱ򣬡ǹڡҲóǣ꿹սڼ䣬
ʹáǹڡйǧˣʹǹڵձй
սϵȽ϶ȴٵÿ

ԣйеĽҪڲ֮أйɫԣųʱ
׼϶С

ûƬȫͬҶҲûȫͬĸٹ·
ԣٹ·ȫйɫʡصطɫǣ
ųʱ׼ʲôٹ·С·ԴڣҲ
Żٹ·Ǿܽٹ·Դ
ٹ·ƽ潻棬νԪ

ٹ·ıԴúܣǾܰġС·׼
ġС·׼Դֻܽɲĵġٹ·ܽ
ĸٹ·

ȫȫաЩʵı׼ɵġٹ·
Ϊƽͨף෴ؽĳԱ

ͬǲԤ⣬εĹͬ׼ԭ򣬸ݡ
׼ıΣ۲õʲôԴΪ
Ҹ෴ؽѡ

塢۵ķ

۵ȱʧ۵Ӱ죬ѧء
ЩǺģЩԵƫЩƫ²Ǽˮƽ
⣬⡣ķҪ¼֣

һط

ϿһֱͱĶʵϺʮ
ѧһ³ʼۣҲҲָ[7]P749С
ѧĵġע󵽡гǷƾáĸĸ˼룬Ӳ
áˡȡ˷һССĽ
ҲָΪ˵ôŤҲôŤ[3]P16

һжǿģڴءӸ¡Ӣۡ
˭̬ⲻű߼ʡʣһ˽ٳʣֱ
УΪʲô˵Сﷸֻ˵С
ˡ أ[3]P15

ʵڲܼܳ򵥣Ҳһпܣٳ
δʮδˣҲпܡһٳǾ񲡻
ߣҲпܡһٳߺͱٳϷˣ
ҲѵԡֽҲԡйķѧҡɹߡ
ŹߺṫھͲܡҲһνˣǡҲ
ﷸҲﷸ˼ġŤأ򵥵ĵ
Ĳ𣿷ǲҲҲ

˵ϲ̧ܣеĶҾϲ˱ۣ
š[3]P283ˣȻһֺõġɹϰߡϧΪʲô
˼ǧδͳ۱أΪʲôĳЩеġײĺ
ִ˼۱أΪʲôͺеĹҮˡΤ˹˱۱أ

ʮѧҲҲָ¸ҵúܣ˹
ֵɳ塢רȴ˵֡ǲ
Ǻأ

ò䷨

Уƻ﷨ԱȱȽǣԾټ

һμ䱾Դ7ҳд˵
ġѵ˵޵ġҪ硱𣿺еġ硱
ʹ

μ䱾Դ13ҳдΪʲôй
ŬΪʲôܳɹһʾΪʲôԲ﷨

μ䱾Դ269ҳд洹֮󡱡 
ûС洹ɡʣȻǡ󹦸ɡܴ͡ɡ
ۣײࡣ

ģĶ򡷵6ҳ˵ǷƵĴ󡱡Ȼ
⡱⡱ʹãֱ﷨



Թƺһʱ֣ʱֵܻüĳɹ
ǣκﶼһΪģ﷨򣬳ʹ߸еĪ⣬
ҲԼ߼ʹ˼άʧȥϽԣӶƬԡ

ǿ˷

Ϊ֤ԼĹ۵㣬ʱǿ˵ķڡμ䱾
Դ55ҳϣ˵ЩˡйзΪйʷ
ûзɻεʷۡǻƵġ

йʷûзΡĻ˵˱Ƚ϶࣬ǡйʷûз
Ļߴû˵žҲû˵Ļ
˭˵أûСע˵Ĺ۵㲻עñ˵Ĺ۵
ע淶ɣѧ淶Ȼ֪עҪ
ԣΪʲôעأǲΪҲΪҲѹǿˣ
ҵһעأ

ģӹɷ

۵ƫΪԹɵĮӡ

˵һλθейԱʼվë󶫡
ܶСƽ[3]P3

ëĹ;ǶԸ·ƣСƽĹ;ǶԸĸ￪
ŵơ᲻֪Сƽһĸ￪ŵʦĳƺŰɣ
ΪλҪ񶨡ơļֵأΪĮӿ͹۹ɣԸ
͹۹йķƽͼ

ʶ͹۹ڷֵķ룬ÿ͹۹ɣڷķ롣û
жԹɵķֻĮӹɾ̸ƣֻҪعɡϹɵƣ
һֵܹʹΥɵҲһһֵûС
ƶûмֵģ˵صġ

Խӹ죬ҲĮӹɵı֮һΪʲôҪӹأΪ
ĳѾ˹ɡ˹ɣߺܽӽɣǻû
У˼ѧϰϹɣȻҲûбҪӹ죬Ҳ޹ɽӡ

˵йУ˾ûнӹйĹ죿⡰
һ˵ĺͿˡʽӹߣͲ¡Ӷ֮
䣿[3]P63

۾ǲܳġȻǡ˵ĺͿˡͲ˵
ûкǽӹ졣йܸСǿ󣬵ǣھܾͬ
űСġǿһֱûзͬӹ졣һ
ʮܷ涨˹ĻȨӵǷܷĹ죻ʮ
ȷ˸ŮѡȨӵնĹ죻ڶʮһܷϳ
ӵĹ죻ڶʮܷȷ˵ѡȨӵ
ܷйܷĹ죻ڶʮܷѡȨķ併
ʮ꣬ҲǽйܷĹ졣Ϊܼʱͬÿһѧ
ƶȽӹ죬űǿйҪӹ죬ʮԺ
ȻҪͬӹ죬ͻٴ˥䡣

壩ʵ

۵ƫΪĮӹɣĮӹΪʵʵķҲ
ȷһЩ֪ıߺͶߡ

ڡμ䱾Դжα͡л񹲺͹Ʋʵ
ֵ˵÷ʵмܷá

ǲʵģʵϣƲʵоһЩ
ѣҲ˺ܴĹס÷ʵʩʮѾ˶ǧ
Ʋ[8]Ǻ˲ĳɼ

µƶȵʵʩҪһӦڣڴڼ䣬ɱ϶ҪһЩ
ģΪ֡ǣƲΪйν費
ʿ롢ͬӹй۵ģԾ͸ܱ֤Ʋ
ʵʩеۡԣݸİ͵óƲ
ʵʩĽۣɱߡִУԸҵ
ԸҵƲ[4]P94ʵͨͶ׷Ͷʡķʽʹ
ҵƲǡƲ涨Ľ;֮һǡƲִ
еı֡

ˮ

ʵǲȫĨɱģǾҪˮ

νˮǽڵ˵Ǵڵ⣬Ȼһ
ءɷнµۺͰ취ö߻ȻȻ˻׳һЩ
߲ԸֲܵҾܾĶƷУˮõǹ
˽˵ۡôƪ֤˽˵ĺô˽˵ıҪԼ
β˽˵ΣԣȻһЩ˽ˣ[4]P62

ʵйеķƶȣǿ˽˵ġа
°ðͲ°Լһν˽ˣ
ǲ治˺˸棬Ժʹ˲棬Ժ
һҲ棬ε˽ˡЩ򵥵ķɳʶ
ܲǣΪִͷǿ鸾Ů˽蹫á
ǷнȵȶһֻۣһֻۣӶг򡱵ġй
ɵġΣװˮ룬Ѿڵ˽ƶȣ
ڵġһɹߡ⣬Աò˽˵İ˽ˡ

˽ۻһܣ֤ѧϰġ𲽽׶ε
йβãΪãڲѰ˽ˡʵ֤Ҳֵ
ɵģܼ򵥡

˽˷֣Ϸ˽˺ͷǷ˽ˡϷ˽ֻ֤뷨ɵĺ
ֻ֤ɵõ˵˵ӵ֤ɲá

Ƿ˽Ҳ֤ɲáҪ֤ȱݣѹǶ񷨣
֤ݶúܣΨзǷ˽˲ܳΪ֤ݡ

ȷƶķɲãôָֿܹҷɵġ
ΥΪǷ˽˵ġָǺõġǣָǺõģô
԰ΪλֿܡָġΥָķǷ
ΪǷ˽˵ġ䷨أ԰ǺõģôԺΪλ
ֿܡ԰ġΥ԰ķǷΪǷ˽˵
ū䷨أ

԰ķǷ˽Ǻõģ˵ָǲõģָ
ǲõģָķǷ˽Ҳǲõģ˵ָԡƶ
ĲǲԵģƾʲô˵ָķǷ˽ǡƶá
֤أ

Ƿ˽˴󲿷аĲٲ֪ĲֻҪа֪Զ
ڣǷ˽˾ͻԶڣ뷨ĺûϵСûйϵ
磬ʼʵķɹ涨۳ߴ̡˳
족巢֣˵ǸһҾͷǡǵ͵ķǷ˽
ˣɵĿ̵ȻҲһǷ˽˵ǰ֮һǣа
Ƿ˽˵ҪֱӵԭΪʼʵķɲò
ȫװûûбҪӡ

ߣģⰵʾ

۵áҲܡ˵ģɵԱ
ġֱôһ۵ץסĿ꣬ӶִУ
ö߸еĪ⣬ȻȴߵĽһ̻塣

˵µԽۣ߷˼·
ĽۣˣҵпǿһĿǰѧ˾綼
ȽеĹ۵㣬Ϊܷɵ˽ˡصΣԡִ
γɡ[4]P60

λ˼һ߲ʾδ˼ǽһ
ʾܷɵ˽˲ûκΣԣһڡִƵ
ɡ

ǣ˵˽˰ɱԽأ޷ᣬҲ
᲻ˣдһ԰ʾ

ģⰵʾȻܹģߺͶߵߣķ
еҲʹԼ߼ģҲ

˵ѹȺͿ̣ڹϵķķУҲ
ѹȺͿ̣Һ˵״͸١ݡ߼һԡҪ
󣬾ӦҲǷᡣ[3]P157

ġҺ˵״͸١ҲһģɵİʾԻ
ߺͶߡǣ仰ʵҲԻԼһƾʲô˵ִ
ҵѹȺͿ̶᣿кͳѧϵ֤ݣûͳѧϵ֤
ݣƾʲôʾιеĶжеĶأڶִ
еѹȺͿ̵ȵȶǷεĴ󣬶У
ǿ顢ǷнȵȶȴǡΡģ֡
Ρͬնܡַ߼һ𡱣Щŵ
ΪʲôͿǲأΪѾԼģԻʧȥ
˼

ˣֵ

УԼֵʱڸǰࣩ
ȻݼԼĹ۵š

ɰдԵİĸ˺Ӱ
˾е˺ǷнӰɽүеķǷн
ǿ鰸ԼƵİͨ鰸Сġ[6]
P124ʵ¡ڶЩķУûнʵ࣬
Լзڶͨ鰸ķУرһЩҪʵ

࿼

ǴӰչģŪеͰ࣬
ʶ۵ķʵʡ

һڡմ˾

ӰƬմ˾һΣ峤شˣӮ˹˾
ȴеĲ̣Լġ˵ִˡԴ˽ֵ䷳
˵ִδյ[4](P23-37)

ķ˼Ҫʵһ˺߰ո
ˣԺӦԺδͳֵı֡ڶ˺
ǿԵģ¸һ⣬ĴȻᳬ
һҪҲ˵շ򸾽Ҫ峤ǸͲܳ
ǸķΧйزųԽշ򸾵Χ峤ǲϸ
µı֡˵ڵظɲϸ£Թҵķɴ
ۣʹղҲ˵δͳյȴ
˵ִʹղ󡣵ӰƬд峤̧ȥҽԺǿţ
ȴûп͸峤̧֯ǿܵģ̧ܡһֻҪ
ס¾֪ˡർĿŲǳ֪Ϊ˹أƣ
ãĹֻͣǷһЩƬӣͨ

Ҫʵ࣬ԣհķͶ
ǲɿġ

ڷǷн

ϱŰţ֧ɽүкθнϱץ
νʾڡ֮󣬶ϱɽүġɱˣɽүԷǷн
Ϊִθɽүɵġ硱[4](P23-37)

ɽүݵľǱ绹ǳ磿ֵ̽֡йĵ
ͻ֣ᷢΪζǷнɽүʵǲڵġ
ʹУҲǼģҲûκε塣ЩΪ˽Ϊ
Ƿн񣨳񣩵ɽүȽ϶ࡣǾݳһЩͶ磬
͵ҪдׯλɽүˣҶԴǷн
ͼҲҷǷнӰɽүеɽүΪʲôһأ
Ҫ±ർĿԡർȡдʵķӰƬ϶ͨһ󡢶
󡱣Դıർ㽫ڵϽȻָΪ
֪˷˳ܴͨﵽշĿġԣӰе
ɽүΪͲйʵ顣

Ѷߣ˵ɽүڵĴ塰һǳƫԶĴ塱һʽ
ɡܲ޷ܡĴ塣[4](P2431)ʵҲǵӰıർΪ̵
ӪļһɹܲġǳƫԶɽ壬Ϊʲ
ôд嵳֧СѧΪʲôСѧкĿγ̣ɳʶΣ
ΪʲôһСѧɽүӣһţ˾ؽץɽ
үĹܲķΪĻΪʲôƫƫס˴֧ɽ
үԣɽүΪɹܲŹܡĿǲܳġɽү
ĳΣȫԽŰŵλϱϷͥû
бҪ˽蹫á

ǿ鰸

ڡɹܺͷɶԪһһǿ鰸һŮ
׷ߣڴ꣩ǿˣŮĸĸ˰ǿߵĸĸ
ŮĸĸǧԪǮŮ길ĸߣδŮ
޸ǿߡɲЧҽǿ̡[4]
P43

ͨһķó˺üҪۣɹܵıȻԣ
˽˵ĺԣƶķⷽ治ƣɵĶԪԣȵȡ

ΪŮ꼰丸ĸ֮ԽܷǷ˽ˣΪǷ˽ڱ
Ůʷԭй˶ԸŮٷǳǿر
ũ塱һԷܺʱҵͬԼ顱[4]
P46-47

ķʵϾ׷ʣ

һŮĸĸرעĻΪʲôҪأ
˰ҪϽ飬ȥ֤ǹ
ŮѾʧ

ڶҵɾĿǴڵģҲǱȻġûб
ҪҲûɽũɸϷ⽨˵ѧҡũŮҲ
෴⽨ʿ˽ѷټޡСЩѧǴӲ
ĶУũС˼ҵŮȸɵġУŮǰڸԼᣬ
ºڱ˵⽨

ʹҵɾǱȻģǱɾһЩǿ
鷸һЩ˻еİɣŮΪһҪ޸ǿ鷸أѵǿ߾
ģΪλᷢӲϹأ

Ȼķ׷ʣôǾɵóĽۣǿߵ
ĸ߱ʲôݿԣ˭ҲҵŮĸĸǼ
ˣסա˶ѣִβ
⡣෴ִƦå̰ۿ۵
Ӧǵӡ

ʵУ飺ڻǿӻľ
˵˲ưư˲аȴǿӡ
ľ˽ˣͬ˽ˣͽǼɢ֡ǿ˽ˡ
ȡ˽ˡ֪ҪٱΪβԹעأ

ģͨ鰸

ĳؼеһ׺ͣ͵ӣͨ飬¶󣬣Ը
ǧԪǮΪ˶ϡͲӦδףҪɱ׵ļˣǺ
ӣΣ浽ԺҪֹ͵ķԤͷߣҪ⳥һԪ
Ժ15죬⳥ͰǧԪϾѵĹϵֹֺͣ׼
Ϸ˫ֵСġһʵʰ˵
ˡͬˡ ٺ͡ˡΪִ
һָȻûгķϵĸݣǷϡϰ߷
䷨ˣƶϰߵĻƶϰ
ǣúϰΪķҪϰߵġ[6]
P124129134

Ϊķȫġ

ҹķͨΪûй涨ʩϿɵϰ߷ǣڵ
λ֯ΪԼɴ֡ڣûеλ֯ƺ
ûа취мɴֵġҪ̽⡣еİ취жһ
ȫ˴涨޷мɴֵͨߣաΰ
д취ãԶˮⲻ˽ʡίԱᡢ
ᡢƶΪλ֯ԺڴĴίԱ
ݴԼԣ׽мɴ֣羯桢ǹȵȡԺֻҪзι
һĴԵĻõڶַƽϢȫܵġףҪ
⳥ǧԪΥܷҲ䲻רƶ㲻ϣ
ǳΣǳĿһģʲôϰ߷
䷨޷˽⵽ԭ򡣼磨ϲʹá硱
Ҳһۣ׻ߣӵһʲôһʲô糤ֳ
سǼٴ˸Ҳǰǵľǡ
ģҲҡڿ͡ط֪ʶ
ڳڹĸߵѧġ͡ط֪
ʶʵ̫Ĥˡ

ͨ鰸УȻΥϾеĻôã
ͰǧԪȫ޷죬ǿȨܼ򵥣Ȼ׺ַͣͨ
ˣɷ͵ȨôѺͣͨ鵱ȻҲַˣʺŵȨȻ
Ҫ⳥ͰǧԪôҲӦ⳥ʺŰǧԪѲҪ⳥ʺţô
ҲҪ⳥͡ڸŮȨѾձϵĽ죬΢һ
ߣʺŵȨڶʮ;ʮһؼУע⣺
زܸΪؼУڶʮʮĳɽҰ룬
ĻϰϽŮߺĻΪŮȨȨ
Ĵ ䷨ô;ԲִεıԴ
ǵصصķִεıΡıҲֵصĻ
ġϰ߷ҲҪĻôҹȨСš顢檡
ѳȵϰߣͲִεĵˣԳΪִε
ɲˡִλִܽ

ͨ鰸Ĵʲôԭɵģֵ׷ʡԿ϶в
ʵ౻ڸˡеĿǰ참Աⲻ֪е
ⲻñߺͶ֪磬׵Ȩģͱ
ڸˡ󣬶ҹʹá׵ļˡĸ
ȡ׵ӡĸ±ߺͶ׷ʣӵ̬ȡ

ߡεıԴֵָ֮Ҫ

ϷıǲȡģӦܾġ

ǣھܾ۵ʱӦܾԴһϻϴ
ˮҪСҲˡ

һԴĸֵ

ԴһмֵġΪǡ֮顯
йɫ֮˵ĸͷѡ[5]P54

ԴԴھѧǿԣнϴĲ
ͬһѧǿǸݡЩ˿йǸ
֮һһЩ˿йǸݵȫ鱻֮һʱ
۾ǿŵģģ鱻ݵȫʱ۾Ǳصģ
̵ġ

εıԴһᷨζšΪԴΪãΪáΪ
ԴĿģĿģҲԶĿģΪĿķġ
롰áȫͬáǽȽƶȺĻΪԴ
йĻƶΪ

ԣεıԴȲǷεĸݣҲǷεĿģǷ
εġá

Դһ¼ô

һٽѧ;ѧںϣٽξѧɾѧɡ

ڶµ˼·ǿ跨ιҵġ

ݡΪԴΪá˼·ǿԷ֣רƵҲԻ
ΪصĳͷεħҲԻΪεĸܸˡοרʹõĲ
Ƕħ֮ѹֵĲǻħȡ̡ר
еȴ˷εѡ

յԴࡢԴԴãӿ취ƽĽ̡

ȻзεıԴȻҲзεԴȻεԴ
ΪԴԴȻҲԷΪʷԴʵԴƶԴ
ԴԴĻԴػԴͲԴԴװԴ
ȡ

˵ԴֻʷС[4]P14Բ

Ȼ˷Դĸͷ࣬ԴԴȻҲͳӦ
֮塣ЩȻԼӿ취ƽĽ̡

ԴĴԡ

ΪйʷϷεġԴԵľ
㡱[1]P86ֹ߲ͬ۵㡣

йûзεĴͳȷʵзεġԴʮǰйû
һٹ·̸иٹ·Ĵͳǲ˵ʱйûн
ٹ·ıԴ

ԴҲԷΪػԴͲԴ֡

εĵػԴѾ߱ǣữƷǧѵ
ף編й˵ӳ䣬ȵȡ

ԸⷵȻ״̬Ը⻼ʷ֢
編޶ԣǾ˵ǵȷûнִεĵػͱҪ

ȻǵĵػһЩӦνĵضΡǣʦ
ʦǣǷѧǷӲŻ̨ЩطҪ׮ЩطҪ
£ЩطҪɳμǺͷѧǴ֮ء

νĲԴȻҪڣûбҪȫڡܹ
һЩȻԴﵽͳɱЧĿġ

ЩԴΪβأҪ֣̽Ҫоש
Ծټ

йŴķ̰ľƶȣӲУǺܺõķβϡ㶫
һڹ԰˹̳ڻӭЧܺá̳ʵ
ϾǡӲУķ棬ԼͿԳΪξ⻯̬

㷺еĽ㡰壬״Ĺ£Ȼʷ
ʵӳڿȨ򻯵״̬ȻҲ
εıϡҹܷ涨κι񶼿κιһظκ
״ǣϰո״ʵرѣԭڣΪ״Ȩûг
򻯡ֻҪ塱Ϳԡ״߼ǿ
һƶȣֻҪĳĳĳһĹһؾͱΪ
ԽǸ߼أԽϣǣֻҪʹԪ
ҲУתƶȣ˵ͽɷιˣ
ϰո״ѵԴػ⡣

ӵġУں[9]ţȲūԵģֲǱģ
ʵҲһַǱ壬ʥۡʵغ·¡˵ķǱ˼
ͨȻΪá

ɽѵ˼룬ڽвοֵԳΪ跨ιҵķ
Դ

йеƶȡ˾ƶȡƶȡƶȡƶȵȵȣҲ
ûбҪ顱ûбҪ״顱ǷεıԴԳ
á

ũڴλз˺ѡƶȣǿҲӦ
õķεıԴ

֮õķεıԴǴڵġ

Դıֵ

εıԴıֵڣûų⣬ʹóɱ͡
ԣñԴǻǵĽܺϿɡЧһ;
ǻáʶͬһЧ;[4]P15

εıԴıֵڣЩԴǵػԴ޷
ģֻڱ򲢼á˵רơεĿ־޵
ܵȵȣûа취ڡ

[ο]

[1] һ۵ߵɣѧۣ20002
[2] ȻʦܸDDǡϵʮѽʦ
ѡˣ 1999
[3] Ķ򣮼ϣɽ磬1999
[4] μ䱾Դйѧ磬1996
[5] 䣮йŴΡۣѧۣ1999(1)
[6] йеϰߣ˾͸ӣйѧ2000
3
[7] ë.ëѡľ϶.:,1964,P749.
[8] ˼ԴƲ˽л⣮йѧ2000ţ
[9] ұ 

(XYS20040807)

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